Surveillance services shall determine the respective position of aircraft in the air and of other aircraft and ground vehicles on the aerodrome surface, with sufficient performance with regard to their accuracy, integrity, legitimacy of the source, continuity and probability of detection.
2.7. Air traffic flow management
The tactical management of air traffic flows at Union level shall use and provide sufficiently precise and current information of the volume and nature of the planned air traffic affecting service provision and shall coordinate and negotiate re-routing or delaying traffic flows in order to reduce the risk of overloading situations occurring in the air or at the aerodromes. Flow management shall be performed with a view to optimising available capacity in the use of airspace and enhancing air traffic flow management processes. It shall be based on safety, transparency and efficiency, ensuring that capacity is provided in a flexible and timely manner, consistent with the European Air Navigation Plan.
The measures referred to in Article 43, concerning flow management shall support operational decisions by air navigation service providers, aerodrome operators and airspace users and shall cover the following areas:
(a) flight planning;
(b) use of available airspace capacity during all phases of flight, including en-route slot assignment;
(c) use of routings by general air traffic, including:
— the creation of a single publication for route and traffic orientation,
— options for diversion of general air traffic from congested areas, and
— priority rules regarding access to airspace for general air traffic, particularly during periods of congestion and crisis; and
(d) the consistency between flight plans and airport slots and the necessary coordination with adjacent regions, as appropriate.
2.8. Airspace management
The designation of specific volumes of airspace for a certain use shall be monitored, coordinated and promulgated in a timely manner in order to reduce the risk of loss of separation between aircraft in all circumstances. Taking into account the organisation of military activities and related aspects under the responsibility of the Member States, airspace management shall also support the uniform application of the concept of the flexible use of airspace as described by the ICAO and as implemented under Regulation (EC) No 551/2004, in order to facilitate airspace management and air traffic management in the context of the common transport policy.
2.9. Flight procedure design
Flight procedures shall be properly designed, surveyed and validated before they can be deployed and used by aircraft.
3. SYSTEMS AND CONSTITUENTS
3.1. General
ATM/ANS systems and ATM/ANS constituents providing related information to and from the aircraft and on the ground shall be properly designed, produced, installed, maintained, protected against unauthorised interference and operated to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose.
The systems and procedures shall include in particular those required to support the following functions and services:
(a) Airspace management;
(b) Air traffic flow management;
(c) Air traffic services, in particular flight data processing systems, surveillance data processing systems and human-machine interface systems;
(d) Communications including ground-to-ground/space, air-to-ground and air-to-air/space communications;
(e) Navigation;
(f) Surveillance;
(g) Aeronautical information services; and
(h) Meteorological services.
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